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Status: OperationalVersion: 4.2.0
System Design
OverviewTheory lessonsHLDLLD
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Distributed Systems
All System Design modules

Module 5 · Component Architecture

Low-Level Design (LLD) Theory: OOP, SOLID & Design Patterns

The foundational object-oriented mechanics, SOLID design principles in production, Gang of Four design patterns, Java Memory Model concurrency theory, UML modeling, and Domain-Driven Design primitives.

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Coming soon

Lesson plan

What you will learn

Lessons are being authored

This module is visible so you can understand the full roadmap. Its lesson pages will open after their beginner-friendly explanations and review material are ready.

Coming next in this module
  • Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) First Principles
  • The SOLID Principles in Production Software
  • Core Architectural Principles Beyond SOLID (DRY, KISS, YAGNI, LoD)
  • Gang of Four (GoF) Creational Design Patterns
  • Gang of Four (GoF) Structural Design Patterns
  • Gang of Four (GoF) Behavioral Design Patterns
  • Concurrency, Memory Models & Thread Safety in LLD
  • UML Class & Sequence Diagramming for Systems
  • Domain-Driven Design (DDD) Primitives in Object Modeling

Module outcome

Write clean, extensible, thread-safe object-oriented code, eliminate design code smells, apply GoF design patterns appropriately, and model domains with DDD entities and value objects.

Prerequisite

Proficiency in an object-oriented language (Java, C++, TypeScript, Python, or Go).

Mental model

Good low-level design minimizes the blast radius of future changes. We design to abstractions, protect invariants with encapsulation, and compose small, cohesive components.

Course baseline

System Design 2026.1

Reviewed 2026-09-14

Previous module High-Level Design (HLD) Real-World Case StudiesNext moduleLow-Level Design (LLD) Machine Coding & Problem Solving